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Total Downloads 9, The main issue is discussed above: there simply isn't always a clear geographic boundary for a ZIP code. The Census Bureau and many other commercial services will try to interpolate the data to create polygons shapes using straight lines to represent the approximate area covered by a ZIP code, but none of these maps are official or entirely accurate.
They provide a very close approximation of the area covered by a ZIP code. You can easily notice some of the boundary issues when viewing our maps. Very rural areas aren't labeled as belonging to a ZIP code such as much of Nevada and Utah where there are few, if any, addresses to deliver mail. If the address is on the same street as a ZIP code boundary on the map, be sure to search for the full street address to determine the ZIP code instead of relying on the map. Their purpose is to convey statistical data about regions that are familiar to most citizens.
As discussed above, it is difficult to precisely define a geographic area covered by a ZIP code. ZCTAs were developed to account for some of the difficulties in assigning an area to a ZIP code and to precisely define a geographic area.
In general, they are updated once every 10 years for the Census. The Census assigns an area to a ZCTA according to census blocks the smallest geographic unit used by the census.
Imagine a city block that makes up a typical census block as pictured to the right. It is bounded on all 4 sides by portions of city streets that each have their own name and addresses.
The issue is that census blocks almost always split down the middle of the street. ZIP codes rarely do because that would require two postal workers delivering mail to that street - one for each side of the street. In the example, one mail carrier may deliver to 3 sides of the block via one ZIP code while another mail carrier delivers mail on the other street in a different ZIP code. When this happens, the Census Bureau will assign the entire block to a single ZCTA in this case, because the census block is the area that is precisely measured.
If you are getting very precise usually a matter of meters, not miles , census block boundaries near the edge of a ZIP code almost always split ZIP codes. I've found a website that will sell the data, but I know all the data is out there for free, I just need to find it.
I've been looking through Census. Update: I recently found this data at GeoNames. The file includes city, county, state, latitude and longitude. For many people, the best way to get this data is to buy it.
There's a cottage industry of data services that have been providing this to small businesses for years, the costs are pretty low, and the length of the rest of this answer verifies that it's involved, although certainly something you can do if you have some coding and data skills. If the distinction matters, much more information can be found on this page The key things to know: ZCTAs overlap city boundaries and certainly at least a few exist outside of any city boundary.
Some commercial data vendors promise to keep up with those changes as another value-add. So anyway, this means that naming is not straightforward. If you want to assign them names based on the nearest town, etc, you have some work to do. ZCTAs are areas, not points, but when you ask for the latitude and longitude, you're probably interested in the centroid. The bureau doesn't use the term "MSA" but rather combine "metropolitan statistical areas" and "micropolitan statistical areas" into a set called "core based statistical areas" or CBSAs.
But maybe you can get by with just the CBSAs. It appears that obtaining this data is not as trivial, as it might seem at first. The following are my suggestions in regard to the requested data sources and other options. It seems that currently there are two relatively solid sources of the data you're looking for:. Census Bureau. Information on HUD data sets formats and availability can be found in this document.
This is not the most efficient way, but if you have time, you can use freemaptools.
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